Literature Review – Integration Outcomes


This report reviews research on the factors shaping the economic and social integration outcomes of permanent immigrants to Canada. The impact of source country/region and immigration class are of principal interest, but the effects of secondary explanatory variables, including, but not limited to, education, gender, age, and language ability, are also assessed. The research findings are drawn from English and French-language books, articles and reports published by academic, governmental and nongovernmental sources between 2001 and 2011.